griswold



(No Model.)

B. P. TRENT. LAMP.

No. 519,853. Patented May 15, 1894.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE, I

EUGENE F. TRENT, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

LAMP.

PECIFIOATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 519,853, dated May 15, 1894. Application filed December 10, 1887. Renewed March 31, 1891- Serial No. 387.111- (No model.)

To aZ Z whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE F. TRENT, of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

I will describe in detail a lamp embodying my improvement and then point out the novel features in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a lamp embodying my mprovement taken on the plane of the line a: m, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a plan or top view of the lamp with the burner removed. Fig. 3 is a plan v1ew with the cone and flame spreader and its support removed. Fig. 4: is a transverse section of a portion of the wick tube and draft flues taken on the plane of the line 3 s, Flg. 1, a portion of the lamp body being broken away to save space. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a wick carrier employed in the lamp. Fig. 6 is a side view of a wick ralser acting in.conjunction with said wick carrier. Fig. 7 is a View of a portion of the outer wall of the wick tube. Fig. 8 is a detail View in longitudinal section showing a portion of the cone and chimney gallery of the lamp.

Similarletters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A designates the reservoir or fount of the lamp. It may be made of metal and spun.

B designates the base or pedestal of the lamp. The upper end of the base or pedestal comprises a socket into which the lower end or portion of the reservoir or fount A may fit and by which the parts above the pedestal are supported. The base or pedestalis also of spun metal. Near the bottom of the base or pedestal the same is provided with a number of holes a through which air may be admitted to certain draft fines in the lamp, that portion of the base or distributor which is above the perforations a constitutes an air chamber.

B designates a drip cup supported in the base or pedestal of the lamp. As shown said drip cup comprises a cup-shaped piece of metal to which are secured by solder or otherwise, resilient arms Z). These arms near their upper ends have bent portions b which will O designates the inner wall of the wick tube and C the outer wall thereof. The space surrounded by the inner wall 0 of the wick tube constitutes a central draft flue for the lamp. Both the outer and inner walls of the wick tube are rigidly secured to a base plate C at the lower extremity of the reservoir or fouut A. Air entering through the perforations a will ascend through said central draft flue.

D D designate other segmental draft flues through which air entering through the perforations a may also ascend. These draft flu-es D D are arranged at some distance from the wick tube and extend circumferentially about the same. They are formed by inner walls d and outer 01 made of metal.

As shown more clearly in Fig. 2, passages c extend from the interior of the main reservoir or fount A through the draft fluesD D and communicate with an annular reservoir A surrounding the wick tube. Oil is supplied to the wick through apertures 0 opening from the annular reservoir A into the wick tube. It will be seen that not only is a column of air ascending through the space surrounded by the inner wall of the wick tube but also through the draft flues D D, which latter in effect constitute a single circumferential draft flue. By this means not only is the wick tube kept cool but the body of oil in the lamp fount and reservoir A is also kept cool owing to the passage of cold air upwardly through the draft flues D D.

The central draft flue supplies air to the inner side of the flame of the lamp. Air ascending through the draft flues D D is supplied to the outer side of said flame. Air astoo" cending through the draft flues D D enters an air space above the reservoir, formed as shown 1 n thls example of my improvement, by an lmperforate acket E. This latter, near its lower extremity is provided with a rim e which fits snugly about the outer wall (1 of the draft tines D, D. This jacket is shown her which is a poor conductor of heat. It is se cured by rivets or otherwise. Lips or lugs e extendinwardly from the portion e as shown, below thechimney gallery 2 These lips or lugs are shown more clearly in Figs. 1 and 3. They are formed by cutting portions of the metal constituting the chimney gallery and bending the portions of metal between the cuts inwardly. The cone or deflector '2 when placed in position as shown in Fig. -1, rests upon the lips or lugs e and does not come in contact with the chimney gallery. Spring fingers e of the usual construction are employed'and against these the lower portion of x the, cone or deflector e will press when in position. By thus isolating the cone or deflector from the chimney gallery, very little heat will be transmitted from the cone or deflector to the chimney gallery and the pertions of metal below it.

It will be seen that all the air supplied to the outside of the flame of thelamp is received through the draft flues D D. After the ascending air has been received into the air space formed by the imperforate jacket IE, it ascends through the air distributer e and thence to the outside of the flame.

By providing in combination, the draft flue through which air ascends to the inner side of the flame and other draft fiues extending from near the base of the lamp and through which all the air is supplied to the exterior of the flame-a very accurate equalization of draft is secured whereby the flame is maintained steady and a perfect combustion is secured occasioning an intense white light. The jacket E may be perforated, if desired, in which event the flame emanating from the lamp will be whiter than when said jacket is made imperforate.

F designates a wick carrier shown more clearly in Fig. 5. This wick carrier comprises a ring f having inwardly struck teeth f adapted to engage the wick when the wick carrier is passed over the outside of the wick. Extending upwardly from the ring f are resilient arms f These arms are rigidly secured near their lower ends to the ringf. The arms f bear at their upper ends, pins or projections f These pins or projections ex= "the spiral slots g of the wick raiser.

tating the wick raiser G the projections f tend at approximate right angles to the length of the arms f The upper portion of the outer wall of the wick tube is provided with longitudinal slots f When the wick carrier F is within the wick tube and in engagement with the wick, as shown more clearly in Fig. 1, the projections f on the resilient arms f extend through the slots f in the wick tube. They are maintained in this position by the resilient arms f G designates a wick raiser used in conjunction with the Wick carrier F. This wick raiser is cylindrical in form and is made of metal. It is provided with two spirally extending slots When. the wick raiser G is in position upon the exterior of the wick tube, as shown more clearly in Fig. 1, the projections f on the arms f of the wick carrier extend into By rewill be caused to follow the slots 9 and thus the wick may be raised or lowered according to the direction in which the wick raiser is rotated. The wick raiser is rotated by grasping the ring 6 and rotating the upper part-of the burner which is supported upon the jacket E. The rotation of this portion of the burner is caused to effect the rotation of the wick raiser in the following manner: Upon the exterior of the wick carrier are longitudinally extending ribs g. The air distributor c has formed in it atthat portion which is adjacentto the wick tube and the wick raiser G, notches 9 When the upper part of the burner containing the air distributer e is slipped downwardly over the wick raiser, the notches will receive the ribs 9 onthe wick raiser and interlock therewith so that when the said upper portion of the burner is retated, the wick raiser will be rotated'with it.

J J designatebuttonsorspreaders. These buttons or spreaders are mounted upon a su pporting rod J This supporting rod is screwthreaded for a portion of its length and its lower end is provided with a socketj which latter is adapted to receive the upper end of a rod 3" extending centrally through the central draft flue. The rod 9" is supported in spiders j secured to the inner wall of the wick tube in the usual manner. The rod J with the buttons or spreaders J J may be readily lifted oif from the rodj. As shown each of these buttons or spreadersJ J is vertically adjustable. Screw-threaded nuts 7' upon each side of each of said buttons or spreaders, which nuts engage the screwthreaded portion of the rod J maybe moved upwardly or downwardly to thus vary the positions of either or both of said buttons or spreaders, and when the desired position for either or both the buttons or spreaders has been attained, the nuts, by being tightened, will secure said buttons or spreaders in such position. The upper button, or J, is somewhat larger in diameter than the lower button J and it will be observed that the button J is arranged at a little distance above the cone or deflector e while the button or spreader J is arranged at a long distance above the same. By this construction and arrangement the air ascending through the central draft flue may be caused tobe deflected against the inner side of the flame at any desired point or points, and the flame may be lengthened or shortened at pleasure. The ability to adjust either or both of the buttons or spreaders enables the read y determination of the exact point or points at which the deflection of the air against the flame will produce the best results.

L designates an air distributer arranged within the central draft flue, and wholly below the upper end of the Wick tube. This distributer is cylindrical in shape and is of such diameter that a considerable space will be left between its exterior wall and the inner wall 0 of the wick tube. It is. provided near its lower end with a spider Z, and near its upper end with a perforated diaphragm Z. The distributerL has an open lower end. The diaphragm and spider are secured upon the inner side of the outer shell of the distributer. The outer shell of the distributer is also perforated throughout its length. This 0 j and is supported in a vertical position by the rod j which extends centrally through suitable apertures in the diaphragmsl Z. This form of air distributer is very advantageous in that it causes a perfect breaking up of the ascending column of air into small jets and currents and an even distribution ofthe same to the inner side of the flame.

I employ a tell-tale in conjunction with the lamp for indicating when the same has been properly filled. This tell-tale comprises a cork or other piece of buoyant material n. The tell tale is arranged in a perforated tube I having a closed lower end and being secured at its upper end to the shell of the reservoir A. It opens beneath the usual opening in the shell of the reservoir through which oil is supplied. As the oil rises in the reservoir, the telltale 'n will be carried upwardly until it shows at the opening through which the oil is supplied. In this manner it indicates when a sufficient quantity of oil has I been introduced into the reservoir.

A cap t'of usual construction is employed to close the opening through which the oil is supplied.

In the present case I show a wick raising mechanism having features similar to that shown and claimed in my pending application, Serial No. 323,057, filed September 5, 1889, but it is to be understood that I do not claim the combination herein as set forth in said application.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an Argand lamp, the combination with a reservoir and a cylindric wick tube, of acentral draft flue, an air chamber below the reservoir opening to the atmosphere, segmental draft flues D D outside the wick tube opening at one end at the base of the reservoir and at the other end into an air chamber above the reservoir, an air distributer of conical form forming the upper wall of the air chamber and a cone or deflector above the air distributer, substantially as specified.

2. In an Argand burner, the combination with a reservoir having a cylindric wick tube,

of an air chamber below the reservoir opening to the atmosphere, a central draftflue, segmental draft flues D D outside the wick tube opening at one end at the base of the reservoir and at the other end into an air chamber above the reservoir, an air distributer of conical form forming the upper Wall of said last named air chamber, an imperforate conical shell outside said air distributer and a cone or deflector above the air distributer, substantially as specified.

3. In an Argand lamp, the combination with the reservoir and a cylindric wick tube, of a central draft flue extending through the reservoir, an air chamber below the reservoir into which said central draft flue opens,

a draft flue outside the wick tube and central draft flue opening below the reservoir, an annular reservoir between the wick tube flue and the draft flue last named, the draft flue last named opening at one end into an air chamber above the reservoir, an air distributer constituting the upper wall of the air chamber and a cone or deflector above the air distributer, substantially as specified.

4:. In a lamp burner, the combination with a chimney gallery comprising a downwardly extending shell, of lips or lugs extending inwardly from said chimney gallery and a cone or deflector supported upon said lips or lugs so as not to contact with the chimney gallery, substantially as specified.

5. In a lamp, the combination with a wick carrying ring having inwardly struck teeth, of resilient arms rigidly secured to said ring and provided with pins or projections near their upper ends, of a wick tube having an outer wall provided with longitudinal slots having open upper ends into which said pins or projections extend, and a wick raiser extending about the wick tube and comprising spirally extending slots into which said pins or projections also extend, substantially as specified.

6. The combination with a wick tube having its outer wall provided with longitudinally extending slots, of a wick carrier comprising pins or projections extending through said slots, a rotary wick raiser comprising spirally extending slots into which said pins or projections also extend, ribs on said wick raiser, and an air distributer provided with notches engaging said ribs, which air distributer when rotated will cause the rotation of the wick raiser, substantially as specified.

7. In an Argandlarnp, the combination with a wick tube, of a central draft flue, an air distributer arranged in said draft flue Wholly below the upper end of the wick tube and com- 5 prising a perforated cylindrical shell of less diameter than the inner wall of the wick tube, said shell having an open lower end and a perforated diaphragm Within said shell below its upper end, substantially as specified.

EUGENE F. TRENT.

\Vitnesses:

JAMES D. GRISWOLD, D. H. DRISGOLL. 

